Ma waho aʻe o nā pilikia palekana maʻamau i ka hapa nui o nā wahi hana o kēlā me kēia lā (e like me ka uila a me nā pōʻino ahi), loaʻa i nā hale hana moʻomeheu cell he nui nā pōʻino a me nā pilikia e pili ana i ka lawelawe ʻana a me ka hoʻopunipuni ʻana i nā pūnaewele kanaka a holoholona a me nā ʻiʻo, a me nā mea ʻawaʻawa, corrosive a mutagenic paha. nā mea hoʻoheheʻe.Nā mea hoʻopaʻa.ʻO nā pōʻino maʻamau, ʻo ia ka pū ʻana o nā nila syringe a i ʻole nā mea ʻoi ʻē aʻe i hoʻohaumia ʻia, nā kahe a me ka pipi ʻana i ka ʻili a me nā membrane mucous, ka ʻai ʻana ma o ka paipu waha, a me ka inhalation o nā aerosol infectious.
ʻO ka pahuhopu kumu o kēlā me kēia papahana biosafety ʻo ia ka hōʻemi a hoʻopau ʻana i ka ʻike ʻana o nā limahana limahana a me ke kaiapuni o waho i nā mea ola kino hiki ke hōʻino.ʻO ke kumu palekana koʻikoʻi i nā hale hana moʻomeheu cell ka hoʻokō pono ʻana i nā hana microbiological maʻamau a me nā ʻenehana.
1. pae palekana biosafety
Aia nā lula a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo o ʻAmelika e pili ana i ka biosafety ma ka palapala "Biosafety in Microbiology and Biomedical Laboratories" i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e nā Centers for Disease Control (CDC) a me nā National Institutes of Health (NIH) a paʻi ʻia e ka US Department of Health service.Hōʻike kēia palapala i ʻehā mau pae piʻi o ka mālama ʻana, i kapa ʻia nā pae biosafety 1 a 4, a wehewehe i nā hana microbiological, nā lako palekana, a me nā ana palekana hale no nā pae pilikia e pili ana i ka lawelawe ʻana i nā pathogens.
1.1 Papa Ola Ola 1 (BSL-1)
ʻO ka BSL-1 kahi pae kumu o ka pale maʻamau i ka hapa nui o nā noiʻi a me nā keʻena hoʻokolohua lapaʻau, a kūpono i nā reagents i ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole e hoʻoulu i ka maʻi i nā kānaka maʻamau a olakino.
1.2 Papa Ola Ola 2 (BSL-2)
He kūpono ʻo BSL-2 no nā lāʻau lapaʻau liʻiliʻi i ʻike ʻia e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi kanaka o nā ʻano koʻikoʻi like ʻole ma o ka ʻai ʻana a i ʻole ma o ka transdermal a i ʻole ka mucosal exposure.Pono ka hapa nui o nā hale hana moʻomeheu cell e hoʻokō ma ka liʻiliʻi loa BSL-2, akā pili nā koi kikoʻī i ka laina kelepona i hoʻohana ʻia a me ke ʻano o ka hana i hana ʻia.
1.3 Papa Ola Ola 3 (BSL-3)
He kūpono ʻo BSL-3 no nā pathogens maoli a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe me ka hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia aerosol, a me nā pathogens e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi a hiki ke make.
1.4 Papa Ola Ola 4 (BSL-4)
He kūpono ʻo BSL-4 i nā poʻe me nā pathogens ʻē aʻe i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia e hoʻoweliweli i ke ola ma o nā aerosol infectious.Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau mea hana i nā hale hana paʻa loa.
2. Pepa ʻikepili palekana (SDS)
ʻO kahi pepa ʻikepili palekana (SDS), i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he pepa ʻikepili palekana waiwai (MSDS), kahi palapala i loaʻa ka ʻike e pili ana i nā waiwai o nā mea kikoʻī.Aia i loko o ka SDS ka ʻikepili kino e like me ka helu heheʻe, kahi paila, a me ke kiko uila, ka ʻike e pili ana i ka ʻawaʻawa, ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana, nā hopena olakino, ka mālama ʻana a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka mea, a me nā lako pale a me nā kaʻina hana no ka mālama ʻana i nā leaks.
3. Lako Palekana
ʻO nā lako palekana i loko o nā keʻena moʻomeheu cell e pili ana i nā pale nui, e like me nā keʻena biosafety, nā ipu pani, a me nā mana ʻenekinia ʻē aʻe i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻopau a hōʻemi i ka ʻike ʻana i nā mea weliweli, a me nā lako pale pilikino (PPE) i hui pū ʻia me nā lako pale nui.ʻO nā keʻena palekana olaola (ʻo ia hoʻi nā puʻupuʻu moʻomeheu cell) ka mea koʻikoʻi loa, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i nā splashes a i ʻole nā aerosol i hana ʻia e nā kaʻina microbial a pale i kāu moʻomeheu cell mai ka haumia.
4. Lako Palekana Pilikino (PPE)
ʻO nā lako pale ponoʻī (PPE) kahi pale pololei ma waena o nā kānaka a me nā mea hana weliweli.Loaʻa iā lākou nā mea no ka pale pilikino, e like me nā mīkina lima, nā ʻaʻahu lab a me nā ʻaʻahu, nā uhi kāmaʻa, nā kāmaʻa, nā mea hanu, nā pale maka, nā aniani palekana a i ʻole nā maka.Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia lākou me nā keʻena palekana olaola a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā reagents a i ʻole nā mea hana e hana ʻia.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Feb-01-2023