1.He aha ka moʻomeheu cell?
ʻO ka moʻomeheu cell e pili ana i ka wehe ʻana i nā cell mai nā holoholona a i ʻole nā mea kanu a laila e hoʻoulu iā lākou i kahi kaiapuni kūlohelohe maikaʻi.Hiki ke lawe pololei ʻia nā cell mai ka ʻiʻo a wāwahi ʻia e ka enzymatic a i ʻole ka mīkini ma mua o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, a i ʻole ke kiʻi ʻia mai nā laina kelepona paʻa a i ʻole nā laina kelepona.
2.He aha ka moʻomeheu mua?
ʻO ka moʻomeheu Primary e pili ana i ka pae moʻomeheu ma hope o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā cell mai ka ʻiʻo a hoʻonui i lalo o nā kūlana kūpono a hiki i ka wā e noho ai lākou i nā substrate āpau i loaʻa (ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki i ka confluence).I kēia manawa, pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā cell ma o ka hoʻoili ʻana iā lākou i kahi pahu hou me ka ulu ulu hou e hāʻawi i kahi ākea no ka ulu mau ʻana.
2.1 laina kelepona
Ma hope o ka subculture mua, kapa ʻia ka moʻomeheu mua he laina kelepona a i ʻole subclone.ʻO nā laina kelepona i loaʻa mai i nā moʻomeheu mua he liʻiliʻi ke ola (ʻo ia hoʻi, ua kaupalena ʻia; e ʻike i lalo), a i ko lākou hala ʻana, ʻoi aku ka mana o nā cell me ka hiki ke ulu kiʻekiʻe loa, e hopena i kekahi degere o ka genotype i ka heluna kanaka e kū nei me ka phenotype.
2.2 Ke kāʻei kelepona
Inā koho maikaʻi ʻia kahi subpopulation o kahi laina kelepona mai ka moʻomeheu ma o ka cloning a i ʻole kekahi ʻano hana ʻē aʻe, e lilo ka laina kelepona i mea hoʻopaʻa kelepona.Loaʻa maʻamau ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kino ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka laina makua.
3.Limited a mau laina kelepona
ʻO nā pūnaewele maʻamau e puʻunaue wale i nā manawa liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka nalowale ʻana o ka hiki ke hoʻonui.He hanana hoʻoholo ʻia kēia i kapa ʻia ʻo senescence;ua kapa ʻia kēia mau laina kelepona paʻa.Eia nō naʻe, lilo kekahi mau laina kelepona i mea make ʻole ma o ke kaʻina i kapa ʻia ka hoʻololi ʻana, hiki ke hana maʻamau a i ʻole ke hoʻoulu ʻia e nā kemika a i ʻole nā maʻi.Ke hoʻololi ʻia kahi laina kelepona hope a loaʻa iā ia ka hiki ke puʻunaue mau loa, e lilo ia i laina kelepona mau.
4.Culture kūlana
He ʻokoʻa loa nā kūlana moʻomeheu o kēlā me kēia ʻano cell, akā ʻo ke ʻano kūlohelohe no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā cell i haku mau ʻia me kahi pahu kūpono, aia nā mea penei:
4.1 ʻO ka substrate a i ʻole ka moʻomeheu moʻomeheu e hāʻawi ana i nā meaʻai pono (nā ʻakika amino, nā ʻakika, nā huaora, nā minela)
4.2 Nā kumu ulu
4.3 Nā Hormone
4.4 Kino (O2, CO2)
4.5 Hoʻoponopono ʻia ke kino a me ke kemika (pH, osmotic pressure, wela)
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā pūnaewele e hilinaʻi i ka anchorage a pono e hoʻoulu ʻia ma kahi substrate paʻa a semi-solid paha (ka moʻomeheu adherent a i ʻole monolayer), aʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e ulu lana ana ma ke kikowaena (moʻomeheu suspension).
5.Cryopreservation
Inā nui nā pūnaewele i loko o ka subculture, pono e mālama ʻia me kahi mea pale kūpono (e like me DMSO a i ʻole glycerol) a mālama ʻia ma kahi mahana ma lalo o -130 ° C (cryopreservation) a hiki i ka wā e pono ai.No ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka subculture a me ka cryopreservation o nā cell.
6.Morphology o nā pūnaewele i ka moʻomeheu
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pūnaewele ma ka moʻomeheu i ʻekolu mau ʻano kumu ma muli o ko lākou ʻano a me ko lākou helehelena (ʻo ia hoʻi ka morphology).
6.1 He bipolar a i ʻole multipolar nā pūnaewele fibroblasts, he ʻano elongated, a ulu i pili i ka substrate.
6.2 He polygonal nā pūnaewele like-epithelial, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o ka nui, a ua hoʻopili ʻia i ka matrix ma nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa.
6.3 He spherical nā pūnaewele like Lymphoblast a ulu maʻamau i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana me ka hoʻopili ʻole ʻana i ka ʻili.
7.Application o ka moʻomeheu cell
ʻO ka moʻomeheu kelepona kekahi o nā mea hana nui i hoʻohana ʻia i ka cell a me molecular biology.Hāʻawi ia i kahi ʻōnaehana kumu hoʻohālike maikaʻi loa no ke aʻo ʻana i ka physiology maʻamau a me ka biochemistry o nā cell (e like me ka noiʻi metabolic, ka ʻelemakule), nā hopena o nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā mea ʻona i nā cell, a me ka mutagenesis a me nā hopena carcinogenic.Hoʻohana ʻia no ka nānā ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka lāʻau a me ka hana nui ʻana o nā pūhui olaola (e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā protein therapeutic).ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka moʻomeheu cell no kekahi o kēia mau noi ʻo ia ka kūlike a me ka reproducibility o nā hopena i hiki ke loaʻa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi pūʻulu o nā cell cloned.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jun-03-2019